Verbs are words that express an action, possession (e.g., 'have'), or a state of being. They can describe physical actions, mental actions, or conditions of existence1.

For example: 

1. Actions that Involve Bodily Movements: These actions are of a physical nature1.

Fig 4.1: Physical Action Verbs 

 2. Mental Actions: These actions pertain to thoughts and feelings occurring in your mind1. 

Fig 4.2: Mental Action Verbs

3. State of Being: Some words tell us how things are, rather than what they do. In sentences that feature ‘state of being’ verbs, also known as linking verbs (is, am, are, was, were), the verb itself does not express an action, but rather connects the subject to a state or condition1.

Fig 4.3: State of Being 

Watch the video to understand the use of verbs of being. 

4.1: State of Being- ‘to be’

Try playing the game given below and check if you can categorise action verbs and linking verbs. 

Watch the video to learn more about the usage of various helping verbs in sentences3. 

Vid. 4.2: Helping Verbs Help the Main Verbs

Think of a singer as the main star in a show. Just like a singer needs the help of some musicians in the background to make the performance exciting and complete, main verbs also need a helping verb to create interesting and meaningful sentences. A helping verb is like the musician for main verbs in a sentence, helping them shine and perform their best.

Helping verbs, also known as auxiliary verbs, accompany main verbs to indicate when an action occurred. They also help form questions and express negation.2 

Fig 4.4: Example 1: Functions of Helping Verbs 

Fig 4.5: Example 2: Functions of Helping Verbs